What federal law requires nuclear plant personnel to report to work free from the effects of illegal drugs and alcohol?

The correct answer is grounded in the regulations governing the nuclear industry, specifically focusing on the maintenance of safety and security. The law mentioned in the question is 10 CFR 26, which is part of the Code of Federal Regulations that outlines the regulatory requirements for the fitness for duty of personnel employed at nuclear facilities.

This regulation mandates that individuals must report to work free from the effects of illegal drugs and alcohol in order to ensure operational safety and minimize risks associated with impaired performance. It is essential for the personnel at nuclear plants to maintain a high level of physical and mental acuity due to the critical nature of their responsibilities, which include safeguarding the plant and ensuring the continued safe operation of nuclear operations.

In contrast to the other options, 10 CFR 25, 27, and 28 pertain to different regulatory aspects that do not specifically focus on fitness for duty standards related to drug and alcohol use. Therefore, option B is the most relevant in the context of ensuring that personnel are capable of performing their duties safely and effectively.